关键词: 旅游干扰, 湿地退化, 植被特征, 土壤特征, 碧塔海湿地

Abstract: Issue of stability of managed ecosystem is extremely important in ecological research and sustainable development.For a long period of time,however,there is still few report either on the comprehensive concept of stability or on the criteria for assessing the stability of managed ecosystem.Based on experiments conducted for more than four decades in a managed ecosystem in South.Yunnan,China,with references to the recent progress in ecological research worldwide,the author put forward a proposal about the concept of stability managed ecosystem.That is "the integrated characteristics of the dynamic balance of the essential elements,such as the running efficiency,the resistance,the environmental changes,etc." This paper also deal with the three criteria of stability managed ecosystem,i.e.productivity,resistance and environmental dynamics,respectively.As well the practical methods for assessing these criteria are also described.

Key words: tourism disturbance, wetland degradation, vegetation characteristics, soil characteristics, Bita Lake wetland.